{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Urllib"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "200\n",
      "text/html; charset=UTF-8\n",
      "Date: Tue, 09 Apr 2024 10:18:03 GMT\n",
      "Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\n",
      "Transfer-Encoding: chunked\n",
      "Connection: close\n",
      "Cache-Control: proxy-revalidate, public, s-maxage=600\n",
      "x-strata-cache-tags: global,homepage,blogListing,pressReleasesListing,eventsListing,newsListing,ecosystemsLandingPage,blogPosts,newsArticles,pressReleases,members\n",
      "x-frontend-content: PUBLISHED\n",
      "vary: Origin, Accept-Encoding\n",
      "x-backend: sf-frontend\n",
      "x-request-id: 8719aff1694e310f\n",
      "strict-transport-security: max-age=15552000; includeSubdomains; preload\n",
      "content-security-policy: frame-ancestors 'self' https://cms.w3.org/ https://cms-dev.w3.org/; upgrade-insecure-requests\n",
      "CF-Cache-Status: HIT\n",
      "Age: 95\n",
      "Set-Cookie: __cf_bm=fmPeX16GOQzTArKj9Z6Uu1CJ4RFmP3mImRI3PPJ6Sj0-1712657883-1.0.1.1-KrNSOWl3cX02L9ra_tTuoc7tHh0Tg7Tek_k02HslC3cJBJGEITAokRltFMoqKC2dEygsj2tOU3kiV4.LpzDbCw; path=/; expires=Tue, 09-Apr-24 10:48:03 GMT; domain=.w3.org; HttpOnly; Secure; SameSite=None\n",
      "Server: cloudflare\n",
      "CF-RAY: 8719c03e7d798482-HKG\n",
      "alt-svc: h3=\":443\"; ma=86400\n",
      "\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import urllib.request\n",
    "# import ssl\n",
    "# ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context\n",
    "response=urllib.request.urlopen(\"http://www.w3.org\")\n",
    "urllib.request.urlretrieve(\"http://www.w3.org\",\"./w3c.html\")\n",
    "print(response.status)\n",
    "print(response.getheader(name='content-type'))\n",
    "print(response.info())"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "%E6%88%91%E7%88%B1%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%A4%A9%E5%AE%89%E9%97%A8\n",
      "我爱北京天安门\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# url编码，编码中文等非ascii字符\n",
    "from urllib import parse,request\n",
    "str1=\"我爱北京天安门\"\n",
    "str2=parse.quote(str1)\n",
    "print(str2)\n",
    "str3=parse.unquote(str2)\n",
    "print(str3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## urlparse的使用\n",
    "urlparse把url解析为scheme,netloc,path,params,query,fragment共6个部分\n",
    "\n",
    "urlsplit没有params部分"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "ParseResult(scheme='https', netloc='www.google.com', path='/search', params='', query='q=moxifloxacin&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8', fragment='')\n",
      "SplitResult(scheme='https', netloc='www.google.com', path='/search', query='q=moxifloxacin&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8', fragment='')\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "url=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=moxifloxacin&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8\"\n",
    "result=parse.urlparse(url)\n",
    "print(result)\n",
    "result=parse.urlsplit(url)\n",
    "print(result)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# request库\n",
    "相对功能更多样的请求库"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'/home/lly/.local/lib/python3.11/site-packages/certifi/cacert.pem'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import certifi\n",
    "certifi.where()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "<!doctype html>\n",
      "<html dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\" class=\"no-js\">\n",
      "<head>\n",
      "    <title>W3C</title>\n",
      "\n",
      "    <meta charset=\"utf-8\"/>\n",
      "    <meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1\">\n",
      "    <meta name=\"description\" content=\"The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) develops standards and guidelines to help everyone build a web based on the principles of accessibility, internationalization, privacy and security.\"/>\n",
      "    <meta name=\"thumbnail\" content=\"https://www.w3.org/assets/website-2021/images/w3c-opengraph-image.png\"/>\n",
      "    <meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https://www.w3.org/\"/>\n",
      "    <meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"website\"/>\n",
      "    <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"W3C\"/>\n",
      "    <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https://www.w3.org/assets/website-2021/images/w3c-opengraph-image.png\"/>\n",
      "    <meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\"/>\n",
      "    <meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"630\"/>\n",
      "    <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) develops standards and guidelines to help everyone build a web based on the principles of accessibility, internationalization, privacy and security.\"/>\n",
      "    <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"W3C\"/>\n",
      "    <meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\"/>\n",
      "    <meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"w3c\"/>\n",
      "    <meta name=\"twitter:url\" content=\"https://www.w3.org/\"/>\n",
      "    <meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"W3C\"/>\n",
      "    <meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) develops standards and guidelines to help everyone build a web based on the principles of accessibility, internationalization, privacy and security.\"/>\n",
      "    <meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https://www.w3.org/assets/website-2021/images/w3c-opengraph-image.png\"/>    <link rel=\"home\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/\"/>\n",
      "\n",
      "            <link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"/assets/website-2021/styles/core.css?ver=1.4\" media=\"screen\"/>\n",
      "\n",
      "        <!--\n",
      "        CSS Mustard Cut\n",
      "        Print (Edge doesn't apply to print otherwise)\n",
      "        Edge, Chrome 39+, Opera 26+, Safari 9+, iOS 9+, Android ~5+, Android UCBrowser ~11.8+\n",
      "        FF 47+\n",
      "        -->\n",
      "        <link rel=\"stylesheet\" id=\"advanced-stylesheet\"\n",
      "              href=\"/assets/website-2021/styles/advanced.css?ver=1.4\" media=\"\n",
      "            only print,\n",
      "            only all and (pointer: fine), only all and (pointer: coarse), only all and (pointer: none),\n",
      "            only all and (min--moz-device-pixel-ratio:0) and (display-mode:browser), (min--moz-device-pixel-ratio:0) and (display-mode:fullscreen)\n",
      "        \">\n",
      "        <link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"/assets/website-2021/styles/print.css\" media=\"print\"/>\n",
      "    \n",
      "                <script src=\"/assets/website-2021/js/libraries/fontfaceobserver.js\"></script>\n",
      "\n",
      "        <script>\n",
      "            var myFont = new FontFaceObserver('Noto Sans');\n",
      "\n",
      "            Promise.all([myFont.load()]).then(function () {\n",
      "                document.documentElement.className += \" fonts-loaded\";\n",
      "            });\n",
      "\n",
      "            (function () {\n",
      "                var linkEl = document.getElementById('advanced-stylesheet');\n",
      "                if (window.matchMedia && window.matchMedia(linkEl.media).matches) {\n",
      "                    var script = document.createElement('script');\n",
      "                    script.src = '/assets/website-2021/js/main.js?ver=1.4';\n",
      "                    script.defer = true;\n",
      "                    document.querySelector('head').appendChild(script);\n",
      "                    (function (H) {\n",
      "                        H.className = H.className.replace(/\\bno-js\\b/, 'js')\n",
      "                    })(document.documentElement);\n",
      "                }\n",
      "            })();\n",
      "        </script>\n",
      "    \n",
      "            <script>\n",
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      "                                                Promote web standards\n",
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      "                            <li class=\"top-nav-item has-children\">\n",
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      "                                                                            <p>A variety of groups develop Web Standards, guidelines, or supporting materials.</p>\n",
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      "                                                Technical Architecture Group\n",
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      "                                                Positive work environment\n",
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      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Make a donation\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
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      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Sponsor an event\n",
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      "                </li>\n",
      "                            <li class=\"top-nav-item has-children\">\n",
      "                    <a href=\"https://www.w3.org/resources/\" class=\"nav-link\">Resources <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 256 512\" height=\"16\" width=\"16\" class=\"icon icon--submenu\" focusable=\"false\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"currentColor\" style=\"visibility: hidden\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"/></svg></a>\n",
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      "                                <h2 class=\"nav__submenu__intro__heading\">Resources</h2>\n",
      "                                <div class=\"nav__submenu__intro__text\">\n",
      "                                                                            <p>Master Web fundamentals, use our developer tools, or contribute code.</p>\n",
      "                                                                                                                <a href=\"https://www.w3.org/resources/\">Learn from W3C resources</a>\n",
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      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Developers\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
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      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Validators and tools\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
      "                                                                            <li >\n",
      "                                            <a class=\"with-icon--before with-icon--larger\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/WAI/fundamentals/\">\n",
      "                                                <svg xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" class=\"icon icon--larger\" focusable=\"false\" aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\">\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-left\" d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"/>\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Accessibility fundamentals\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
      "                                                                            <li >\n",
      "                                            <a class=\"with-icon--before with-icon--larger\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/International/i18n-drafts/nav/about\">\n",
      "                                                <svg xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" class=\"icon icon--larger\" focusable=\"false\" aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\">\n",
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      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Internationalization\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
      "                                                                            <li >\n",
      "                                            <a class=\"with-icon--before with-icon--larger\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/translations/\">\n",
      "                                                <svg xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" class=\"icon icon--larger\" focusable=\"false\" aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\">\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-left\" d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"/>\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Translations of W3C standards and drafts\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
      "                                                                            <li >\n",
      "                                            <a class=\"with-icon--before with-icon--larger\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/policies/code-of-conduct/\">\n",
      "                                                <svg xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" class=\"icon icon--larger\" focusable=\"false\" aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\">\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-left\" d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"/>\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Code of conduct\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
      "                                                                            <li >\n",
      "                                            <a class=\"with-icon--before with-icon--larger\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/reports/\">\n",
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      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-left\" d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"/>\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Reports\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
      "                                                                    </ul>\n",
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      "                </li>\n",
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      "                    <a href=\"https://www.w3.org/news-events/\" class=\"nav-link\">News and events <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 256 512\" height=\"16\" width=\"16\" class=\"icon icon--submenu\" focusable=\"false\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"currentColor\" style=\"visibility: hidden\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"/></svg></a>\n",
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      "                                <h2 class=\"nav__submenu__intro__heading\">News and events</h2>\n",
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      "                                                                            <p>Recent content across news, blogs, press releases, media; upcoming events.</p>\n",
      "                                                                                                                <a href=\"https://www.w3.org/news-events/\">Follow news and events</a>\n",
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      "                                            <a class=\"with-icon--before with-icon--larger\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/news/\">\n",
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      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-left\" d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"/>\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                News\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
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      "                                            <a class=\"with-icon--before with-icon--larger\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/blog/\">\n",
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      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Blog\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
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      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Press releases\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
      "                                                                            <li >\n",
      "                                            <a class=\"with-icon--before with-icon--larger\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/about/press-media/\">\n",
      "                                                <svg xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" class=\"icon icon--larger\" focusable=\"false\" aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\">\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-left\" d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"/>\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Press and media\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
      "                                                                            <li >\n",
      "                                            <a class=\"with-icon--before with-icon--larger\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/events/\">\n",
      "                                                <svg xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" class=\"icon icon--larger\" focusable=\"false\" aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\">\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-left\" d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"/>\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Events\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
      "                                                                            <li >\n",
      "                                            <a class=\"with-icon--before with-icon--larger\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/news-events/w3c-tpac/\">\n",
      "                                                <svg xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" class=\"icon icon--larger\" focusable=\"false\" aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\">\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-left\" d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"/>\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Annual W3C Conference (TPAC)\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
      "                                                                            <li >\n",
      "                                            <a class=\"with-icon--before with-icon--larger\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/policies/code-of-conduct/\">\n",
      "                                                <svg xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" class=\"icon icon--larger\" focusable=\"false\" aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\">\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-left\" d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"/>\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Code of conduct\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
      "                                                                    </ul>\n",
      "                                                    </div>\n",
      "                    </div>\n",
      "                </li>\n",
      "                            <li class=\"top-nav-item has-children\">\n",
      "                    <a href=\"https://www.w3.org/about/\" class=\"nav-link\">About <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 256 512\" height=\"16\" width=\"16\" class=\"icon icon--submenu\" focusable=\"false\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"currentColor\" style=\"visibility: hidden\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"/></svg></a>\n",
      "                    <div class=\"nav__submenu\" data-nav=\"submenu\" style=\"display: none;\">\n",
      "                        <div class=\"l-center\">\n",
      "                            <div class=\"nav__submenu__intro\">\n",
      "                                <h2 class=\"nav__submenu__intro__heading\">About</h2>\n",
      "                                <div class=\"nav__submenu__intro__text\">\n",
      "                                                                            <p>Understand our values and principles, learn our history, look into our policies, meet our people.</p>\n",
      "                                                                                                                <a href=\"https://www.w3.org/about/\">Find out more about us</a>\n",
      "                                                                    </div>\n",
      "                            </div>\n",
      "                                                            <ul class=\"clean-list\" role=\"list\">\n",
      "                                                                            <li >\n",
      "                                            <a class=\"with-icon--before with-icon--larger\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/mission/\">\n",
      "                                                <svg xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" class=\"icon icon--larger\" focusable=\"false\" aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\">\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-left\" d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"/>\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Our mission\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
      "                                                                            <li >\n",
      "                                            <a class=\"with-icon--before with-icon--larger\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/about/leadership/\">\n",
      "                                                <svg xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" class=\"icon icon--larger\" focusable=\"false\" aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\">\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-left\" d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"/>\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Leadership\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
      "                                                                            <li >\n",
      "                                            <a class=\"with-icon--before with-icon--larger\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/staff/\">\n",
      "                                                <svg xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" class=\"icon icon--larger\" focusable=\"false\" aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\">\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-left\" d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"/>\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Staff\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
      "                                                                            <li >\n",
      "                                            <a class=\"with-icon--before with-icon--larger\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/evangelists/\">\n",
      "                                                <svg xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" class=\"icon icon--larger\" focusable=\"false\" aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\">\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-left\" d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"/>\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Evangelists\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
      "                                                                            <li class=\"break-after\">\n",
      "                                            <a class=\"with-icon--before with-icon--larger\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/careers/\">\n",
      "                                                <svg xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" class=\"icon icon--larger\" focusable=\"false\" aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\">\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-left\" d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"/>\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Careers\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
      "                                                                            <li >\n",
      "                                            <a class=\"with-icon--before with-icon--larger\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/about/diversity/\">\n",
      "                                                <svg xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" class=\"icon icon--larger\" focusable=\"false\" aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\">\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-left\" d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"/>\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Diversity\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
      "                                                                            <li >\n",
      "                                            <a class=\"with-icon--before with-icon--larger\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/about/corporation/\">\n",
      "                                                <svg xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" class=\"icon icon--larger\" focusable=\"false\" aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\">\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-left\" d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"/>\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Corporation\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
      "                                                                            <li >\n",
      "                                            <a class=\"with-icon--before with-icon--larger\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/sponsor/\">\n",
      "                                                <svg xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" class=\"icon icon--larger\" focusable=\"false\" aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\">\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-left\" d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"/>\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Sponsoring W3C\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
      "                                                                            <li >\n",
      "                                            <a class=\"with-icon--before with-icon--larger\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/about/press-media/\">\n",
      "                                                <svg xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" class=\"icon icon--larger\" focusable=\"false\" aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\">\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-left\" d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"/>\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Media kit\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
      "                                                                            <li >\n",
      "                                            <a class=\"with-icon--before with-icon--larger\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/contact/\">\n",
      "                                                <svg xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" class=\"icon icon--larger\" focusable=\"false\" aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\">\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-left\" d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"/>\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Contact\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
      "                                                                            <li >\n",
      "                                            <a class=\"with-icon--before with-icon--larger\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/policies/\">\n",
      "                                                <svg xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" class=\"icon icon--larger\" focusable=\"false\" aria-hidden=\"true\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\">\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-left\" d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"/>\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Policies and legal information\n",
      "                                            </a>\n",
      "                                        </li>\n",
      "                                                                            <li >\n",
      "                                            <a class=\"with-icon--before with-icon--larger\" href=\"https://www.w3.org/help/\">\n",
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      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-left\" d=\"M34.52 239.03L228.87 44.69c9.37-9.37 24.57-9.37 33.94 0l22.67 22.67c9.36 9.36 9.37 24.52.04 33.9L131.49 256l154.02 154.75c9.34 9.38 9.32 24.54-.04 33.9l-22.67 22.67c-9.37 9.37-24.57 9.37-33.94 0L34.52 272.97c-9.37-9.37-9.37-24.57 0-33.94z\"/>\n",
      "                                                    <path class=\"chevron-right\" d=\"M285.476 272.971L91.132 467.314c-9.373 9.373-24.569 9.373-33.941 0l-22.667-22.667c-9.357-9.357-9.375-24.522-.04-33.901L188.505 256 34.484 101.255c-9.335-9.379-9.317-24.544.04-33.901l22.667-22.667c9.373-9.373 24.569-9.373 33.941 0L285.475 239.03c9.373 9.372 9.373 24.568.001 33.941z\"/>\n",
      "                                                </svg>\n",
      "                                                Help\n",
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      "                <a hreflang=\"en\" href=\"/help/search/\" class=\"nav-link icon-link\">\n",
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      "</nav>\n",
      "                    </header>\n",
      "                <main id=\"main\">\n",
      "                                            \n",
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      "                                \n",
      "\n",
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      "\n",
      "                                \n",
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      "                            <div class=\"u-full-width hero\">\n",
      "    <div class=\"l-center\">\n",
      "        <div class=\"l-sidebar\">\n",
      "            <div>\n",
      "                <div class=\"not-sidebar\">\n",
      "                    <h1>Making the Web work</h1>\n",
      "                        <div class=\"lead\"><p>The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) develops <a href=\"/standards/\">standards and guidelines</a> to help everyone build a web based on the principles of <a href=\"/mission/accessibility/\">accessibility</a>, <a href=\"/mission/internationalization/\">internationalization</a>, <a href=\"/mission/privacy/\">privacy</a> and <a href=\"/mission/security/\">security</a>.</p></div>\n",
      "\n",
      "            <a class=\"button button--alt\" href=\"/about/\">Read more about W3C</a>\n",
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      "                    </div>\n",
      "                            </div>\n",
      "        </div>\n",
      "    </div>\n",
      "</div>\n",
      "\n",
      "                <div class=\"component component--members u-full-width\">\n",
      "\t<div class=\"l-center\">\n",
      "\t\t    <h2>Working with stakeholders of the Web</h2>    <p>A range of organizations join the World Wide Web Consortium as Members to work with us to drive the direction of core web technologies and exchange ideas with industry and research leaders. We rotate randomly a few of our Member organizations' logos underneath.</p><p>The Web Consortium and its members, with help from the public and the web community, focus on a range of business ecosystems that the Web transforms, including <a href=\"/ecosystems/e-commerce/\">E-commerce</a>, <a href=\"/ecosystems/media/\">Media &amp; Entertainment</a>, <a href=\"/ecosystems/publishing/\">Publishing</a> and several other areas.</p>\n",
      "\t\t    <div class=\"component--members__grid\">\n",
      "\n",
      "            \n",
      "    \n",
      "                <figure>\n",
      "            <figcaption>Raptive</figcaption>\n",
      "        </figure>\n",
      "    \n",
      "                <figure>\n",
      "            <figcaption>Skynet Technologies</figcaption>\n",
      "        </figure>\n",
      "    \n",
      "                <figure>\n",
      "            <figcaption>Vision Australia</figcaption>\n",
      "        </figure>\n",
      "    \n",
      "                <figure>\n",
      "            <figcaption>Daily, Co</figcaption>\n",
      "        </figure>\n",
      "    \n",
      "                <figure>\n",
      "            <figcaption>NCR</figcaption>\n",
      "        </figure>\n",
      "    \n",
      "                <figure>\n",
      "            <figcaption>Nanjing Disanji Blockchain Technology Co., Ltd.</figcaption>\n",
      "        </figure>\n",
      "    \n",
      "</div>\n",
      "\n",
      "\t\t            <a class=\"button button--alt\" href=\"/ecosystems/\">Discover how W3C supports these organizations</a>\n",
      "    \t</div>\n",
      "</div>\n",
      "\n",
      "                            <section \t\tclass=\"component component--fifty-fifty \">\n",
      "\t<div class=\"image\">\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\tsrc=\"https://www.w3.org/cms-uploads/ryan-quintal-US9Tc9pKNBU-unsplash.jpg\"\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\tsrcset=\"https://www.w3.org/cms-uploads/_360xAUTO_crop_center-center_none/ryan-quintal-US9Tc9pKNBU-unsplash.jpg 360w, https://www.w3.org/cms-uploads/_580xAUTO_crop_center-center_none/ryan-quintal-US9Tc9pKNBU-unsplash.jpg 580w, https://www.w3.org/cms-uploads/_920xAUTO_crop_center-center_none/ryan-quintal-US9Tc9pKNBU-unsplash.jpg 920w, https://www.w3.org/cms-uploads/_1520xAUTO_crop_center-center_none/ryan-quintal-US9Tc9pKNBU-unsplash.jpg 1520w\"\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\tsizes=\"(min-width: 48em) 50vw, 100vw\"\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\tloading=\"lazy\"\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\talt=\"\"\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t/>\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n",
      "\t<div class=\"component--fifty-fifty__text\">\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"txt-earth\">Web standards</h2>\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Web standards are the building blocks of a consistent digitally connected world. They are implemented in browsers, blogs, search engines, and other software that power our experience on the Web.</p><p>W3C is an international community where <a href=\"/membership/list/\">Members</a>, full-time <a href=\"/staff/\">staff</a>, and the public work together to develop web standards.</p>\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"l-box l-box--no-border l-box--no-padding\">\n",
      "\t\t\t\t<a class=\"button button--alt\" href=\"/standards/\">Learn more about Web standards</a>\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n",
      "</section>\n",
      "\n",
      "                    <section \t\tclass=\"component component--fifty-fifty \">\n",
      "\t<div class=\"image\">\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\tsrc=\"https://www.w3.org/cms-uploads/marvin-meyer-SYTO3xs06fU-unsplash.jpg\"\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\tsrcset=\"https://www.w3.org/cms-uploads/_360xAUTO_crop_center-center_none/marvin-meyer-SYTO3xs06fU-unsplash.jpg 360w, https://www.w3.org/cms-uploads/_580xAUTO_crop_center-center_none/marvin-meyer-SYTO3xs06fU-unsplash.jpg 580w, https://www.w3.org/cms-uploads/_920xAUTO_crop_center-center_none/marvin-meyer-SYTO3xs06fU-unsplash.jpg 920w, https://www.w3.org/cms-uploads/_1520xAUTO_crop_center-center_none/marvin-meyer-SYTO3xs06fU-unsplash.jpg 1520w\"\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\tsizes=\"(min-width: 48em) 50vw, 100vw\"\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\tloading=\"lazy\"\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\talt=\"\"\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t/>\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n",
      "\t<div class=\"component--fifty-fifty__text\">\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"txt-earth\">Get involved</h2>\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>W3C works at the nexus of core technology, industry needs, and societal needs. Everyone can get involved with the work we do.</p><p>There are many ways individuals and organizations can participate in the Web Consortium to advance web standardization.</p>\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"l-box l-box--no-border l-box--no-padding\">\n",
      "\t\t\t\t<a class=\"button button--alt\" href=\"/get-involved/\">Ways to get involved</a>\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n",
      "\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n",
      "</section>\n",
      "\n",
      "                                </main>\n",
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      "                <h2>Latest news</h2>\n",
      "                    <p>Latest entries from across our <a href=\"/news/\">News</a>, <a href=\"/press-releases/\">Press Releases</a> or <a href=\"/blog/\">Blog</a>. </p>\n",
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      "                                    <li>\n",
      "    <div class=\"card\" data-component=\"card\">\n",
      "        <div class=\"card__text\">\n",
      "            <h3 class=\"card__heading\">\n",
      "                <a href=\"/news/2024/w3c-invites-implementations-of-data-integrity-bbs-cryptosuites-v1-0/\" class=\"card__link\">W3C Invites Implementations of Data Integrity BBS Cryptosuites v1.0</a>\n",
      "            </h3>\n",
      "            <p>\n",
      "                Data Integrity BBS Cryptosuites v1.0 is a W3C Candidate Recommendation Snapshot.            </p>\n",
      "            <p class=\"txt-pluto\">\n",
      "                News            </p>\n",
      "        </div>\n",
      "            </div>\n",
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      "                                    <li>\n",
      "    <div class=\"card\" data-component=\"card\">\n",
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      "            <h3 class=\"card__heading\">\n",
      "                <a href=\"/blog/2024/breakouts-day-2024-recap/\" class=\"card__link\">Breakouts Day 2024 Recap</a>\n",
      "            </h3>\n",
      "            <p>\n",
      "                Breakouts Day 2024 was the first experiment with a fully remote version of the breakouts sessions popular at W3C’s annual big meeting. In this post we summarize key aspects of the event.            </p>\n",
      "            <p class=\"txt-pluto\">\n",
      "                Blog            </p>\n",
      "        </div>\n",
      "            </div>\n",
      "</li>\n",
      "                                    <li>\n",
      "    <div class=\"card\" data-component=\"card\">\n",
      "        <div class=\"card__text\">\n",
      "            <h3 class=\"card__heading\">\n",
      "                <a href=\"/news/2024/rdf-dataset-canonicalization-is-a-w3c-proposed-recommendation/\" class=\"card__link\">RDF Dataset Canonicalization is a W3C Proposed Recommendation</a>\n",
      "            </h3>\n",
      "            <p>\n",
      "                This document outlines an algorithm for generating a canonical serialization of an RDF dataset given an RDF dataset as input.            </p>\n",
      "            <p class=\"txt-pluto\">\n",
      "                News            </p>\n",
      "        </div>\n",
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      "                                    <li>\n",
      "    <div class=\"card\" data-component=\"card\">\n",
      "        <div class=\"card__text\">\n",
      "            <h3 class=\"card__heading\">\n",
      "                <a href=\"/news/2024/hiring-accessibility-content-specialist-worldwide-technical-specialist-usa/\" class=\"card__link\">Hiring: Accessibility Content Specialist (worldwide); Technical Specialist (USA)</a>\n",
      "            </h3>\n",
      "            <p>\n",
      "                We are seeking a Web Technical Specialist, for full-time remote work in the USA, on a project developing the technical infrastructure to support accessibility materials development and delivery.            </p>\n",
      "            <p class=\"txt-pluto\">\n",
      "                News            </p>\n",
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      "        </script>\n",
      "    </body>\n",
      "\n",
      "</html>\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import requests\n",
    "\n",
    "result=requests.get('https://www.w3.org')\n",
    "print(result.text)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{\n",
      "  \"args\": {\n",
      "    \"age\": \"23\", \n",
      "    \"name\": \"Alice\"\n",
      "  }, \n",
      "  \"headers\": {\n",
      "    \"Accept\": \"*/*\", \n",
      "    \"Accept-Encoding\": \"gzip, deflate\", \n",
      "    \"Host\": \"httpbin.org\", \n",
      "    \"User-Agent\": \"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:124.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/124.0\", \n",
      "    \"X-Amzn-Trace-Id\": \"Root=1-66153b19-1ec8da244aad909260eefce1\"\n",
      "  }, \n",
      "  \"origin\": \"112.10.180.58\", \n",
      "  \"url\": \"http://httpbin.org/get?name=Alice&age=23\"\n",
      "}\n",
      "\n",
      "<bound method Response.json of <Response [200]>>\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# requesst 传递参数，改变UA\n",
    "headers={'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:124.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/124.0'}\n",
    "data={'name':'Alice','age':23}\n",
    "r=requests.get(\"http://httpbin.org/get\",params=data,headers=headers)\n",
    "print(r.text)\n",
    "print(r.json)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## POST请求\n",
    "分为json类型和表单类型，向服务器发送数据"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
 ],
 "metadata": {
  "kernelspec": {
   "display_name": "base",
   "language": "python",
   "name": "python3"
  },
  "language_info": {
   "codemirror_mode": {
    "name": "ipython",
    "version": 3
   },
   "file_extension": ".py",
   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
   "name": "python",
   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
   "version": "3.11.8"
  }
 },
 "nbformat": 4,
 "nbformat_minor": 2
}
